Nekuda kwekushomeka kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakaita sedota, nitrogen, nesarufa mubiomass zvichienzaniswa nesimba remaminerari, ine hunhu hwekuchengetedza kwakakura, kushanda zvakanaka kwekabhoni, nyore kubatidza, uye zvikamu zvinoshanduka-shanduka zvakanyanya. Saka, biomass isimba rakakodzera uye rakakodzera kushandurwa nekushandiswa kwekupisa. Dota rinosara mushure mekupiswa kwebiomass rakapfuma mune zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa nemiti senge phosphorus, calcium, potassium, uye magnesium, saka rinogona kushandiswa sefetereza yekudzokera kumunda. Zvichienderana nekuchengetwa kwezviwanikwa zvakawanda uye zvakanakira zvinogona kudzokororwa zvesimba rebiomass, parizvino inoonekwa sesarudzo yakakosha yekuvandudza simba idzva renyika nenyika pasi rose. National Development and Reform Commission yeChina yakataura zvakajeka mu "Implementation Plan yeKushandiswa Kwakazara kweCrop Straw panguva yeChirongwa cheMakore Mashanu chegumi nemaviri" kuti huwandu hwekushandiswa kwejongwe huchasvika 75% panosvika 2013, uye huchaedza kupfuura 80% panosvika 2015.
Maitiro ekushandura simba rebiomass kuita simba remhando yepamusoro, rakachena, uye riri nyore rave dambudziko guru rinofanira kugadziriswa. Tekinoroji yekuwedzera simba rebiomass ndeimwe yenzira dzinoshanda dzekuvandudza kushanda kwekupisa simba rebiomass uye kuita kuti kutakurwa kuve nyore. Parizvino, kune mhando ina dzakajairika dzemidziyo yekugadzira dense mumisika yemuno neyekunze: muchina we spiral extrusion particle, muchina we piston stamping particle, muchina we flat mold particle, uye muchina we ring mold particle. Pakati padzo, muchina we ring mold pellet unoshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwehunhu hwawo hwakadai sekusada kupisa panguva yekushanda, zvinodiwa zvakawanda zvehunyoro hwezvinhu zvakabikwa (10% kusvika 30%), kubuda kwemuchina mumwe chete, huwandu hwakanyanya hwekumanikidzwa, uye mhedzisiro yakanaka yekugadzira. Zvisinei, mhando idzi dzemichina ye pellet dzinowanzo kuve nezvakashata zvakaita sekunge nyore kupfeka mold, hupenyu hupfupi hwebasa, mari yakawanda yekugadzirisa, uye kutsiva zvisina kunaka. Achipindura zvikanganiso zvataurwa pamusoro apa zvemuchina we ring mold pellet, munyori akagadzira dhizaini itsva yekuvandudza chimiro chemuchina wekugadzira, uye akagadzira mold yemhando yakagadzika ine hupenyu hurefu hwebasa, mutengo wakaderera wekugadzirisa, uye kugadzirisa kuri nyore. Zvichakadaro, chinyorwa chino chakaita ongororo yemuchina wekugadzira mold panguva yekushanda kwayo.
1. Kuvandudzwa kweMagadzirirwo eChiumbwa cheMould cheRing Mold Granulator
1.1 Nhanganyaya yeKugadzira Extrusion:Muchina we ring die pellet unogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri: wakamira newakatwasuka, zvichienderana nenzvimbo ye ring die; Zvichienderana nechimiro chekufamba, unogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri dzakasiyana dzekufamba: active pressing roller ine fixed ring mold uye active pressing roller ine dried ring mold. Dhizaini iyi yakagadziridzwa inonyanya kunangana nemuchina we ring mold particle une active pressure roller uye fixed ring mold sechimiro chekufamba. Inonyanya kuve nezvikamu zviviri: conveying mechanism uye ring mold particle mechanism. Ring mold uye pressure roller ndizvo zvikamu zviviri zve ring mold pellet muchina, ine maburi akawanda e mold akapararira akatenderedza ring mold, uye pressure roller yakaiswa mukati me ring mold. Pressure roller yakabatana ne transmission spindle, uye ring mold inoiswa pa fixed bracket. Kana spindle ichitenderera, inotyaira pressure roller kuti itenderere. Nheyo yekushanda: Chekutanga, conveying mechanism inotakura zvinhu zvakapwanywa biomass zvinhu kuita saizi yakati (3-5mm) mukamuri yekumanikidza. Zvadaro, mota inotyaira shaft huru kuti ifambise pressure roller kuti itenderere, uye pressure roller inofamba nekumhanya kwakafanana kuti iparadzire zvinhu zvakaenzana pakati pe pressure roller ne ring mold, zvichiita kuti ring mold idzvanyirire uye ikwizane nezvinhu, pressure roller nezvinhu, uye zvinhu zvine zvinhu. Munguva yekudzvanya friction, cellulose ne hemicellulose zviri muzvinhu zvinobatana. Panguva imwe chete, kupisa kunokonzerwa nekudzvanya friction kunonyorovesa lignin kuita natural binder, izvo zvinoita kuti cellulose, hemicellulose, nezvimwe zvikamu zvibatane zvakasimba. Nekuzadza nguva dzose kwezvinhu zve biomass, huwandu hwezvinhu zviri pasi pekudzvanywa uye kukwizana mumakomba ekugadzira mold hunoramba huchiwedzera. Panguva imwe chete, simba rekudzvanya pakati pe biomass rinoramba richikwira, uye rinoramba richikura uye richiumbwa mugomba rekugadzira. Kana extrusion pressure yakakura kupfuura friction force, biomass inoburitswa nguva dzose kubva mumakomba ekugadzira akatenderedza ring mold, ichigadzira biomass molding fuel ine molding density yeinenge 1g/Cm3.
1.2 Kupfekwa Kwemaforoma Anoumba:Muchina mumwe chete unoburitswa nemuchina wepellet wakakura, une otomatiki yakawanda uye unochinjika zvakanyanya kune zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa. Unogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya pakugadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvebiomass, zvakakodzera kugadzirwa kwemafuta akawanda ebiomass dense forming, uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirwa kwemafuta ebiomass dense forming mune ramangwana. Nokudaro, muchina wepellet wering mold unoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Nekuda kwekuvapo kwejecha diki nezvimwe zvinhu zvisina kuchena muzvinhu zvebiomass zvakagadziriswa, zvinogona kukonzera kupfeka kwakanyanya pamold yemuchina wepellet. Hupenyu hwebasa hwemold yering hunoverengerwa zvichienderana nekukwanisa kwayo kugadzirwa. Parizvino, hupenyu hwebasa hwemold yering muChina i100-1000t chete.
Kukundikana kwemuchina wekumonera kunonyanya kuitika muzviitiko zvina zvinotevera: ① Mushure mekunge muchina wekumonera washanda kwenguva yakati, rusvingo rwemukati rwegomba remuchina wekumonera runopera uye mukana unowedzera, zvichikonzera kuchinja kukuru kwemafuta akagadzirwa; ② Kutsvedza kwegomba remuchina wekumonera wekumonera kunopera, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakadzvanywa mugomba remuchina wekumonera, kudzikira kwekumanikidzwa kwekunze, uye kuvharika kuri nyore kwegomba remuchina wekumonera, zvichikonzera kukundikana kwemuchina wekumonera wekumonera (Mufananidzo 2); ③ Mushure mekushandisa zvinhu zvemukati zvemadziro uye kuderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwekubuda (Mufananidzo 3);
④ Mushure mekupfekwa kweburi remukati remuchina wekumonera, ukobvu hwemadziro pakati pezvidimbu zvemuchina wekumonera zviri pedyo L hunova hutete, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwesimba remuchina wekumonera. Mitswe inowanzoonekwa muchikamu chine njodzi huru, uye sezvo mitswe ichiramba ichipararira, chiitiko chekuputsika kwemuchina wekumonera chinoitika. Chikonzero chikuru chekupfekwa kuri nyore uye hupenyu hupfupi hwemuchina wekumonera ichimiro chisina musoro chemuchina wekumonera wekumonera (muchina wekumonera wekumonera wakabatanidzwa nemaburi emuchina wekumonera). Chimiro chakabatanidzwa chezviviri izvi chinowanzova nemigumisiro yakadaro: dzimwe nguva kana maburi mashoma emuchina wekumonera eku ...
1.3 Kuvandudzwa kweMagadzirirwo eKugadzira MouldKuti iwedzere hupenyu hwebasa remuchina wepellet, kuderedza kupera, kuita kuti pave nekutsiviwa, uye kuderedza mari yekugadzirisa, zvakakosha kuita dhizaini itsva yekuvandudza chimiro chemuchina wepellet. Muchina wepellet wakashandiswa mukugadzira, uye chimiro chekamuri rekumanikidza chakavandudzwa chinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 4. Mufananidzo 5 unoratidza maonero emuchina wepellet wakavandudzwa.
Dhizaini iyi yakagadziridzwa inonyanya kunangana nemuchina we ring mold une chimiro chekufamba che active pressure roller uye fixed ring mold. Ring mold yepasi yakasungirirwa pamuviri, uye ma pressure rollers maviri akabatana ne main shaft kuburikidza ne connecting plate. Iyo forming mold yakaiswa pa lower ring mold (zvichishandisa interference fit), uye upper ring mold yakasungirirwa pa lower ring mold kuburikidza nema bolts uye yakasungirirwa pa forming mold. Panguva imwe chete, kuitira kudzivirira iyo forming mold kuti isadzoke nekuda kwesimba mushure mekunge pressure roller yatenderera uye ichifamba ne radially pamwe chete ne ring mold, countersunk screws dzinoshandiswa kugadzirisa iyo forming molds kuma ring molds epamusoro neezasi zvakateerana. Kuti kuderedze resistance yezvinhu zvinopinda mugomba uye kuita kuti zvive nyore kupinda mu mold. Kona ye conical yegomba rekudyisa ye designed forming mold i 60 ° kusvika 120 °.
Kuvandudzwa kwemagadzirirwo emaforoma ekuumba kune hunhu hwekugara kwenguva yakareba uye kushanda kwenguva refu. Kana muchina wezvimedu uchishanda kwenguva yakati, kurasikirwa nekukweshana kunoita kuti gomo rekuumba rikure uye rirege kushanda. Kana foroma yekuumba yakasakara ikabviswa uye ikakurirwa, inogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvimwe zvinodiwa zvezvimedu zvekuumba. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti zvimedu zvishandiswezve uye kuchengetedza mari yekugadzirisa nekutsiva.
Kuti iwedzere hupenyu hwebasa regranulator uye kuderedza mari yekugadzira, pressure roller inoshandisa simbi ine manganese yakawanda ine carbon yakawanda inodzivirira kupfeka zvakanaka, senge 65Mn. Mould yekugadzira inofanira kugadzirwa nesimbi ine carburised alloy kana low-carbon nickel chromium alloy, senge ine Cr, Mn, Ti, nezvimwewo. Nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwecompression chamber, simba rekukweshana rinoonekwa ne ring moulds dzepamusoro nedzepasi panguva yekushanda idiki kana tichienzanisa ne forming moulds. Saka, carbon steel yakajairika, senge 45 steel, inogona kushandiswa sezvinhu zve compression chamber. Kana ichienzaniswa ne integrated forming ring moulds dzechinyakare, inogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwe alloy steel inodhura, nokudaro ichideredza mari yekugadzira.
2. Kuongororwa kwemuchina wekugadzira mold yemuchina wering mold pellet panguva yekushanda kwemold.
Munguva yekuumba, lignin iri muchinhu ichi inonyoroveswa zvachose nekuda kwenzvimbo ine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye tembiricha yepamusoro inogadzirwa mumold yekuumba. Kana kumanikidzwa kweextrusion kusiri kuwedzera, chinhu chacho chinoitwa plasticization. Chinhu chacho chinoyerera zvakanaka mushure mekugadzirwa purasitiki, saka kureba kwacho kunogona kuiswa ku d. Mold yekuumba inoonekwa semudziyo wekumanikidza, uye kushushikana pamold yekuumba kunorerutswa.
Kuburikidza neongororo yekuverenga yemakanika iri pamusoro apa, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti kuti uwane kumanikidzwa chero kupi zvako mukati memold yekugadzira, zvakakosha kuona kumanikidzwa kwedenderedzwa panzvimbo iyoyo mukati memold yekugadzira. Zvadaro, simba rekukweshana nekumanikidzwa panzvimbo iyoyo zvinogona kuverengerwa.
3. Mhedziso
Chinyorwa chino chinokurudzira dhizaini itsva yekuvandudza chimiro chemuchina wekugadzira mold wering mold pelletizer. Kushandiswa kwemuchina wekugadzira molds wakaiswa mukati kunogona kuderedza kupera kwemold zvinobudirira, kuwedzera hupenyu hwemuchina, kuita kuti pave nekutsiviwa nekugadzirisa, uye kuderedza mari yekugadzira. Panguva imwe chete, ongororo yemuchina yakaitwa pamuchina wekugadzira mold panguva yekushanda kwayo, zvichipa hwaro hwedzidziso dzekutsvagisa mune ramangwana.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-22-2024